[1] al-Bukhari and Muslim

[2] Al-Hakim, al-Bazzar and Abu Ya'la.

[3] This took place during the Ridda [see note 8 below] war. Malik ibn Nuwayra was one of those who refused to pay zakat.

[4] The great mosque and early centre of Islamic learning located south of Tunis.

[5] The source of this hadith is not known.

[6] "Qatalahu Allah"(May Allah kill him) or "qutila" (May he be killed) are curses.

[7] At-Tabarani and ad-Daraqutni. 

[8] Apostasy or defection of the Arab tribes after the death of the Prophet.

[9] A tribe allied to the Aws. She was 'Usma bint Marwan.

[10] An expression meaning there will be no disagreement about the matter.

[11] Abu Dawud, al-Hakim and al-Bayhaqi.

[12] i.e. the Hanafis.

[13] About the conquest of the fortresses of Syria. This was spoken by al-Jallas ibn Suwayd who later repented of what he had said.

[14] 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy, known as the leader of the hypocrites in Madina.

[15] Al-Bukhari and elsewhere.

[16] Dhu'l-Khusawsira.

[17] Al-Bukhari.

[18] Ibn Hanbal, al-Bukhari and Muslim, and an-Nasa'i from Anas.

[19] To 'Umar in the story of Ubayy ibn Salul.

[20] A Jewish enemy who was assassinated.

[21] A Jew from Khaybar.

[22] Captured at Badr and put to death.

[23] A poet who later wrote a famous poem for the Prophet.

[24] Another poet who became Muslim when Makka was conquered.

[25] The Resolute Prophets are said to be five: Nuh, Ibrahim, Musa, 'Isa and Muhammad, or those mentioned in Suas 7 and 26 who are Nuh, Hud, SaIih, Sulayman, Lut and Nuh, or the eighteen Prophets mentioned in Sura 6, or all the Messengers except for Ayyub.

[26] When the Jews said, "Death be upon you."

[27] i.e. only one person reported what the Jews had said.

[28] Perhaps Qadi 'Abdu'l-Wahhab al-Baghdadi al-Maliki.

[29] About what the Jew said.

[30] The Banu Qurayza.

[31] The Banu ’n-Nadir.

[32] In al-Bukhari and elsewhere.

[33] Referring to Juwayriyya, the daughter of Abu Jahl, who had been offered in marriage to 'Ali.

[34] Al-Bukhari.

[35] Muslim and al-Bukhari from 'Ali.

[36] A member of the clan of the Prophet.

[37] i.e. the time of the author, Qadi 'lyad.

[38] Al-Harun ar-Rashid's son.

[39] The chief qadi there at that time.

[40] In what he said about the Mu'tazilites in his Kitab ar-Ri'aya.

[41] A sect originating in Khorasan who followed Jahm ibn Safwan. He said that the Garden and the Fire were not eternal and that belief was gnosis, not affirmation. He also believed in total predestination and that man was totally compelled in all he did with no choice whatsoever.

[42] Or that man creates his actions, which is the position of the Mu'tazilites and the Qadariyya.

[43] Muslim and aI-Bukhari from Jabir.

[44] Probably Jeremiah.

[45] Malik, Jbn Hanbal, al-Bukhari, Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi from Jbn 'Umar.